Tag Archive for 'monastery'

silence

I regularly, sadly, find myself in situations where people appear to think that liturgy is essentially singing and reciting lovely poetry to one another. My trying to shift towards some balance by stressing action, gesture, environment, structure, etc. in those contexts is usually met with bemused confusion.

Let’s think about silence in liturgy.

Claude Debussy said, “Music is the silence between the notes.”

Where is there silence in your service? Canada’s Book of alternative Services has optional silence before the presider proclaims the collect, and after the sermon. Silence is required prior to the confession, after the Lord’s Prayer, and prior to the Prayer after Communion. The BCP (TEC) adds a required silence after breaking the bread. New Zealand’s Prayer Book has these, and suggests silence after each reading and the Gospel, and periods of silence in the Prayers of the People.

Because people have such a tendency to clutter the liturgy, my regular instruction is to tell new worship leaders that “may use” means “leave it out”. In the case of silence I would tend towards the opposite – “may” means “should”. On the other hand I have experienced worship leaders who clutter the service with little silences, not increasing the depth of worship, but giving the impression that the leader is lost and trying to remember what to do next. Some good, solid, longer silences at appropriate places can deeply enhance worship. Taizé has a silence of about seven minutes in every service. Don’t tell me children and young people cannot cope with silence. I am well aware of highly active children who, in the right context and atmosphere (a monastery, Taizé) can participate in very long silence. It is more about taking worship seriously, about modelling and expectation, than about adult prejudices that children cannot participate in silence.

In my book Celebrating Eucharist I write

Worship is not just words and actions and symbols, it is also silence. In silence we call to mind our sins. Silence may precede the Collect and follow each reading. A time of silent reflection appropriately follows the Sermon. Periods of silence may be kept in the Prayers of the People. The holy table may be prepared in silence, or silence may precede or follow the Great Thanksgiving. The bread is broken in silence. After communion there may be silence. Communities may need to be taught to use silence, and silences may have to be introduced gradually, and lengthened week by week. A worship leader unaccustomed to silence may need to time the silences as at first they will appear much longer than they actually are.

How do you use silence in your life? In your community worship? What works? What doesn’t? Suggestions…??

Greek Orthodox Music

The post on balancing East and West in our Christian devotion was received with much enthusiasm. Here is a beautiful example of chanting by nuns in a Monastery of northern Greek Mainland (Hsuxastirio Timiou Prodromou Akritoxoriou Sidirokastrou Serron). The Hymn is an extract from a book called “Theotokario” and it is dedicated to the Theotokos, Mary. It is usually chanted in Greek monasteries during the afternoon (after Vespers). The pictures of the video come from a different monastery of Northern Greece (Giannitsa/Pella, Iera Moni Agiou Georgiou Anudrou).

St Anthony’s monastery

I first read about the Australian Fr Lazarus, living in the cave of St Anthony, in the book Desert Father: In the Desert with Saint Anthony. I wasn’t sure if Fr Lazarus actually was a useful literary construct rather than an actual person until I watched the BBC series of Fr Peter Owen-Jones Extreme Pilgrim where he spends time with Fr Lazarus and we see around St Anthony’s monastery:

The monk mentioned at the end of the above clip is Fr Lazarus.

Now I fell over this youtube video of archaeological and restoration work at this ancient monastery, at one of the sources of Christian monasticism. Fr Maximous el-Antony describes the work and the possibility of discovering St Anthony’s tomb:

The Beatitudes

Beautiful, moving, powerful video from the Beatitudes Valaam Monastery.

Biretta tip to Interrupting the Silence and Seven whole days and so on down the internet version of apostolic succession…

hair spirituality

Sixty-six teenage lads at Christ’s College, on their own initiative, sought sponsorship and had their head shaved and raised more than $14,000 for the Cancer Society. These are notes preparing for an address to the school about this.

There’s been remarks about how losing your hair means you look more similar to each other – lose some of your individuality. There’s been a mention that having shaved your hair you carry yourself with a stronger assurance. Or maybe it is that those less self-assured were less likely to offer themselves for this. The regular response to my talking with those of you who have had your head shaved is how sensitive it is; how cold it quickly feels. Some of you are wearing a beanie to bed.

There’s a lot to reflect on about hair. If you are later on looking for a doctorate topic – you could easily do one on hair and on the spirituality of hair. Our attitudes to hair, hair length, hair colour, going grey, long hair, going bald, dyeing hair. What is it like belonging to a school which restricts your hair length and style? Why do grown men shave off their facial hair? Presumably evolutionary psychologists should argue facial hair is attractive to women. When men shave are they making themselves look like pre-pubescent males or more feminine – why would they do that? Is male shaving going against nature? Is it going against what God intends?

In the 1960s there was the musical Hair – prior to the 60s men had short hair, women had long hair – now all that demarcation was mixed up. Gender roles were mixed up from that time also. Why is short hair still part of the military?

What about the religious significance of hair. I was in a Buddhist monastery for some days – learning from them – but left before I had to get my head shaven. Buddhist monks shave their heads. Their close relatives, Hindu sadhus, grow their hair long. Rastafarians have dreadlocks, Chassidic and other Jews do not cut their sideboards (uncut sideburns are called payot) and discourage shaving their beards. Sikhs never cut their hair. Christian women traditionally covered their head in worship and men kept heads uncovered.

The Bible has a great deal to say about hair. Samson’s strength was in his hair and he wasn’t to cut it. He lost his strength when his hair was cut. A Nazarite did not cut hair (Numbers 6:1-21). Jesus is generally imaged with long hair and a beard. But Paul calls long hair on a man degrading, and says it is disgraceful for a woman to cut her hair. Women are forbidden to braid or plat their hair.

Jesus reminds us we cannot change by willpower one hair on our head to turn it from white to black or vise versa. He reminds us that the God who names each of the trillions of stars in our universe has also numbered every hair upon your head. God knows each and every hair on your head.

Br Roger photo

br-roger

Having described my visits to Taize, I dug out my own photo of Br. Roger from 1983 (above). For me it speaks volumes of who he was (for me and for others) – and how I encountered him.

Brother Roger of Taizé

458px-mk_frere_rogerBrother Roger was born in Provence in Switzerland in 1915 the ninth and youngest child of a Protestant minister’s family. He studied theology at Strasbourg and Lausanne. In 1940 he left Switzerland for his mother’s native France.

In 1940, he biked from Geneva to Taizé, a small village in Burgundy near Cluny. Taizé was at that time in unoccupied France, just beyond the line of demarcation to the zone occupied by German troops. For two years Brother Roger hid Jewish refugees before being forced to leave Taizé. In 1944, he returned to Taizé to found a monastery – a community of men vowing to live in poverty, chastity, and obedience. There was already something extraordinary in this venture – protestants don’t normally form monasteries.

After the war Brother Roger was joined by others, and on Easter Day 1949 the community was formally established. Brother Roger was deeply committed to the task of reconciliation – of having people of different viewpoints listen to one another respectfully and pray and work together without necessarily coming to agree with each other.

I have been fascinated by Brother Roger since I was a teenager. In the 1960s, to the surprise of this community of monks, young people started to camp around the monastery. These young people joined the monks at prayer but the complex monastic services the community had famously developed were too complicated for them.

Typical for the community – they abandoned the services they had worked years on to develop and which were internationally famous and developed a new, very simple style of service which could be easily picked up by young people with a lot of repetition, the use of many languages, and different parts and singing in rounds.

Brother Roger was a classically trained musician and understood the power of music as part of spirituality. It was Br Roger who introduced the meditative and reflective chants that are so strongly associated with the Taizé style of worship and that have had such an impact on contemporary spirituality.

About 150,000 young people visit Taize each year – normally staying for a week. Praying three times a day in the church which can hold thousands of people and spending the rest of the day in discussion and just enjoying being together.

I first went there in 1983 and stayed for two weeks – one in discussion and one week in silence. Each evening after the evening service Br Roger would have a huge crowd of young people around him – it always seemed impossible to get to him. One evening there was some translation happening, and I could see that the group of people closest to him could not speak French – this was my chance to go and speak to him. When he discovered I was from New Zealand he invited me to join the monks each day for their meal in the actual monastery. This was a great honor and special insight into the life of the 100 or so monks living quite separately from the young people. This community of monks is made up of Roman Catholics, Protestants, Anglicans, and Eastern Orthodox – forming a parable of reconciliation.

The monks receive nothing from the young people – all they live from they grow themselves, produce, or make things to sell. They do not accept gifts. They do not accept an inheritance. The do not take out any insurance. Although Brother Roger was awarded the UNESCO Prize for Peace Education in 1988 he shied away from the limelight. Once a year he would go and live and work with the poorest of the poor in some country and then write a letter which would become the basis for reflection for the young people. Other than that he was not one for preaching.

His primary idea was not to form a movement but that those who have visited Taizé should return to their own community and there seek to live out the insights and deeper spiritual awareness they have gained from their visit to the community.

In 2005 on study leave I was privileged again to spend a week in Taize and to meet up with the now-aging Brother Roger again. A month after that 2005 time there, during the evening service at Taizé on 16 August 2005, he was attacked and stabbed to death by a mentally disturbed woman.

As a protestant Br Roger received communion from the last two popes and a Roman Catholic Cardinal took his funeral Mass.

Br Roger and his community have been centrally influential in my life. Justice and prayer as being two sides of the same coin. The attitude of being non-judgemental, of listening to people where they are at, of realising that God is in people’s lives even if they express this differently to the way I do. Of respecting people – and not having the need to have everyone agree with me – or of trying to convert people to my particular way of expressing things.

In 2006 I moved a motion at our Diocesan Synod which has passed our General Synod and our church’s diocesan synods and Hui Amorangi to add to our church’s calendar:
16 August Brother Roger of Taizé, Prophet of unity, Encourager of youth, 2005

St Benedict

St Benedict

St Benedict

Today is the feast of St Benedict (480 – 547) famous for his Rule for a Christian community of monks. The Rule is followed by “Benedictines”, Cistercians, and many others. It is followed by many in adaptation in ordinary daily life beyond cloister walls. I am an Associate of Kopua monastery, the Cistercian monastery in New Zealand.

Benedict describes a “middle way”, via media, bringing together positive ends – not either/or, but both/and. Community and solitude. Prayer and work. And so forth. He has a stress on the daily office, and on reading the scriptures in such a way as to hear what the Spirit is saying to us through them (lectio divina).

Anglicanism/Episcopalianism is a denomination that can be seen as strongly “Benedictine” – probably because England had such a strong Benedictine presence. It regularly is seen as a via media – not a half-way-between, but a both/and denomination (a platypus which some struggle to understand – just as many did not believe the platypus when discovered was a real animal). Every Book of Common Prayer and its many contemporary revisions give significance to the daily office – a tradition not just understood as being the preserve of clergy, monks, and nuns, but of the whole people of God. Anglican church buildings regularly are laid out in Benedictine fashion, with choir stalls as in a monastery. [Compare that, for example, to Roman Catholics whose buildings and spirituality are regularly Ignatian - Jesuits being (one of) the first order(s) to abandon praying the office in community - so Jesuit/contemporary Roman Catholic church buildings do not have choir stalls].

Pray today for all Benedictines, Cistercians, oblates, associates, and all who try to follow the Rule of St Benedict.

Almighty and everlasting God,
whose precepts are the wisdom of a loving Father:
Give us grace, following the teaching and example of your servant Benedict,
to walk with loving and willing hearts in the school of the Lord’s service;
let your ears be open to our prayers;
and prosper with your blessing the work of our hands;
through Jesus Christ our Lord,
who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit,
one God, for ever and ever.
Amen.

Tarrawara Abbey spared in fire – just

7feb09-11I am sure that the devastating fires in Victoria, the deaths, destruction and those affected have been much in all our thoughts and prayers. I was just sent an email to look at the Tarrawara Cistercian Abbey site where I had my retreat towards the end of last year. I am immediately reminded of the destruction of Holy Cross Monastery. In the Tarrawara Abbey case there was a narrow escape. No buildings or lives were lost.

I am sure we can identify with the message of Tarrawara’s abbot:

Our overwhelming sense is one of immense gratitude to God for his palpable protection. Despite loss of some stock, fencing and tree plantations, we know that the blessing of preservation from injury and death and the survival of the monastic buildings in the chaotic conditions of Saturday was pure gift. Our deep sympathy and prayers are with all those who have suffered so much loss. We continue to pray for all the wonderful volunteers who have been out there giving themselves so totally for others in these tragic circumstances.

Source: Tarrawara Abbey website

before

before

after

after

Cloistered nuns – photo reflection

Time online provides this wonderful photo reflection of the enclosed Dominican Sisters at the Monastery of Our Lady of the Rosary, Summit, New Jersey.

monastic futures?

Various newspapers have run slightly different variants of monastic statistics in the UK. There are a variety of creative responses. The Cistercian monastery with which I am associated has established a resident lay community alongside the monastic community. The article even featured in New Zealand:

A chance to stay before you pray

Gareth Rubin

It may be the ultimate relaxation break: beautiful medieval buildings, smiling hosts and a spot of gentle gardening to pass the time. But the 5am prayers could be a nasty jolt.

Monasteries and convents are advertising “try being a monk/nun” weekends as a way of encouraging men and women into religious orders.

The number of monks and nuns is falling so quickly that within a generation there could be none left. In 2000, there were about 710 nuns and 230 monks in Anglican religious orders in Britain and Ireland. Eight years later, numbers are down to 470 nuns and 135 monks.

It is no better for Roman Catholic orders. The Vatican revealed last year that numbers worldwide fell 10 per cent in 2005-06 alone.

The Society of the Precious Blood, a contemplative Anglican community in Burnham Abbey, southern England, which dates from 1266, has not had a novice for 10 years.

The Conference of Religious in England and Wales represents around 80 per cent of Catholic communities, some 4930 nuns and 1320 monks. In 2007, just 13 men and 16 women became novices. The average for the previous 10 years was one man and 20 women a year. Numbers have been declining steadily for at least 20 years and the average age of entrants is much higher, with most joining in their 40s or 50s.

Many communities have begun to run residential taster weekends, often advertised in Christian newspapers. At the weekend, four men were trying out monastic life with the eight Redemptorist brothers of Bishop Eton Monastery, a Catholic foundation in Liverpool, northwest England.

Father Kieran Brady, of the order of the Redemptorists, said: “Like any organisation, we have to recruit. And this gives people a chance to experience our way of life and think about joining us.”

Downside Abbey, near Bath, also runs taster weekends. The abbot, the Rt Rev Dom Aidan Bellenger, said: “From the point of view of people joining the monastery, we have seen an increase, with four novices in the past 18 months. Of course, they can go as quickly as they come – that is the problem with these methods: getting them to stay.” He said that, with an average age over 60, the main issue for the monastery was the brothers’ unfortunate propensity to “fall off the perch pretty rapidly”.

Father Luke Jolly, a monk at Worth Abbey in Crawley, near London, leads the Compass Project, a weekend residential course for would-be Catholic novices. “The idea behind this is that, while God is still calling people to become members of religious communities, it is becoming a little more difficult for them to hear and more difficult for them to respond.”

The course, aimed at people aged 20 to 35, is run on behalf of 40 communities. “Younger people probably don’t know anyone else in this kind of life. In years gone by, they would have had uncles or brothers who had gone into these communities, but that is less and less the case these days.”

If all else fails, there is one more option open to convents: importing nuns. Some Irish nunneries have been propping up their numbers with Polish women.

The New Zealand Herald source

The Guardian – the Observer – a variation of the story

Christchurch Carmel

Sr CushlaWhat do you bring as a “hello” gift to an enclosed, contemplative Roman Catholic nun? The September edition of the Christchurch magazine Avenues had produced a splendid article on the Christchurch Carmelite Monastery of Christ the King (I cannot locate an online version of the article – sorry). A lot was written about Sr Cushla, reminding me I had taught at Marian College while she was a student there. The article encouraged me to email Sr Cushla and I made an appointment to meet up with her.

I drove through the gates into the concrete-bricked-off wall of the monastery from the busy Lincoln Road. Parked. And with my box of chocolates in hand followed the sign to the “turn” – a small room with a two level rotating cupboard. Rang the bell. A cheerful voice with the familiar Island cadences could be heard on the other side. “I’m Bosco Peters, I’ve got an appointment with Sr Cushla”. With a cheerful response the Turn began rotating – a key appeared, nearly disappearing round again – but I stopped it just in time. I received instructions to go to Room 6. A small room with a curtain at one end. Sr Cushla was coming in behind the curtain cheerfully greeting me, pulled aside the curtain to reveal the traditional grill, and said, “You haven’t changed a bit” (do contemplative nuns ummm… bend the truth? We haven’t seen each other for 20 years!)

There are only nine of them here. Five aged over 70. Sr Cushla is the youngest. She’s been here 10 years. She exudes joy and peace. A sense of being in the right place. She describes the vocation as “hermits in community”. We talk about Cistercians, Carthusians, family, our journeys the past 20 years. I’m interested in the two hours of “recreation” the community have daily when they sit around and talk. The grill may give a confusing message – they are certainly well in touch with what is happening. They knew about the success of the Merton service by the next day. “But what do you talk about for two hours every day?” She laughed. I know that even Carthusians, with their little contact with news chat Sundays and Mondays – but two hours a day with the same 9 people! Sr Cushla says there is seldom a lull in the conversation, and on that rare occasion that there is a lull they have a saying that a Carmelite has been born. May this blog-post help contemplative life. Yours. Ours. That of the church generally. May contemplative life flourish – within and outside cloister walls.

Awkard pause

Let’s hope a Carmelite has been born.

Christchurch Carmel Website (Maintained by Sr Cushla)

Christchurch secondary school teacher Joseph Houghton interviewed Sr Cushla in July 2008 for a DVD to promote vocations. This is the interview in four parts:

Daily Timetable

5:30am Rise

6:00am Morning Prayer (Divine Office) followed by 1 hour silent prayerRinging the Bell

7:15am Breakfast, followed by Work

8:10am Mass bell – Prayer at 8:20am

8:30am Mass preceded by Prayer Before Noon (Divine Office)

9:20am Work

11:00am Midday Prayer (Divine Office)

11:20am Dinner

12 noon Recreation

1:00pm Work , Study or Rest – in Solitude

2:00pm Spiritual Reading

2:45pm Afternoon Prayer (Divine Office)

3:00pm Work

4:30pm Evening Prayer (Divine Office)

5:00pm Silent Prayer

6:00pm Supper

6:40pm Recreation

7:45pm End of Recreation

8:00pm Night Prayer followed by Office of Readings (Divine Office)

Followed by time for reading, study etc

gates

chapel

towards the Turn

Sr Cushla & grill

An Infinity of Little Hours – book review

An Infinity of Little Hours: Five Young Men and Their Trial of Faith in the Western World’s Most Austere Monastic Order (Hardcover)
by Nancy Maguire (Author) 288 pages
Publisher: PublicAffairs (March 6, 2006)

Nancy Klein Maguire has written a book I could not put down.
This is the story of five men who entered Parkminster at the start of the 60s. I kept track of their names – and the changed names within the monastery, and significant details, on a small bookmark.

In the 60s, only one monk is described as having electricity in his cell. There is no power in the church. The monks, surprisingly, write their scripture, quotes, notes, and reflections on scraps of paper, backs of envelopes, and magazines.

The story begins, Chapter 1, with a Trappist novice ringing the bell rope of the Gatehouse. He is described as wearing “the white and black habit of a Trappist novice”. Trappist novices wear white – no black. It made me wonder for some time about the accuracy of what was to follow. But from then on we are presented with a carefully documented and at times, I found, deeply moving account of five men journeying to the eleventh century in order to journey to God. It is the result of years of emailing, interviewing, and research. Only in one phrase can you work out which of the five she is married to. [The only other possible error I noticed was St Bernard is quoted p103 - I recognise the quote from Eckhart - did St Bernard also say this?]

There is much in the book that is familiar, for those of us who have been interested in Carthusians. For those new – this might now be the best place to start. There were new things I did not know: four candlesticks by the altar (p57). I had never heard of Antiquior. There was mention of a stage when Vermont only had 1 monk (p15)

Warnings:

Don’t read this book if you want your Carthusians plaster-cast “saints”. Here they are “warts & all”: fights over chanting, petty misunderstandings, breakdowns, “Dom Columba” stating Dom Leo “is no monk”… Don’t read this book if you want to think of the present Carthusians as never reformed. I did not know that the broken sleep & Night Office so central to Carthusian charism and life is only of fifteenth century origin, not from their foundation.

The book is written as an account of a lifestyle that in its view since Vatican II is no more:” Maguire has produced a vivid, gripping, and deeply touching picture of a world that is now lost.” (back cover)

Read this book if you appreciate real people living messy, complicated lives like yours & mine & trying to find God in this – in the book’s case with heroic focus. Read this book if you are more concerned with a small eternal solid core than ephemeral changes on the surface.

The book begins with a quote from Soren Kierkegaard:

“Of this there is no doubt, our age and Protestantism in general may need the monastery again, or wish it were there. The “monastery” is an essential dialectical element in Christianity. We therefore need it out there like a navigation buoy at sea in order to see where we are, even though I myself would not enter it. But if there really is true Christianity in every generation there must also be individuals who have this need.”

That quote was a gift to me from this book. The people in the book live it. And the book shows how we too can be part of the story.

Chant: Music For The Soul

The CD Chant: Music For The Soul by the Cistercian Monks of Stift Heiligenkreuz (Holy Cross Abbey) is a surprising hit. It made the top of the charts in Europe. In Austria it reached double platinum, and in Germany gold. It appeared amongst the Top 10 hits from the USA to New Zealand.

The primary motivation of the 80 monks living in this monastery has been for “God’s words to reach the ears of ordinary people.” The abbey, founded in 1133 by St. Leopold III Margrave of Austria, is located about 15km from Vienna. The story of their entering a CD competition began with someone spotting one of the monk’s youtube video on their chanting and emailing the monastery about the competition. They entered the competition on the last day possible.

Experts in Gregorian chant may compare the style here with Solemes or even dislike Teutonic pronunciation of Latin. I have a reasonable collection of CDs with Gregorian chant – I found this particular CD a mellow, gentle introduction to this tradition. If you are looking for an introduction to this meditative musical prayer tradition I would look no further than this CD.

Encourage the Liturgy of the Hours

Liturgy of the HoursRecently I produced some badges to encourage the praying of the Liturgy of the Hours (the Daily Office). One of the four current ones is shown here. I am delighted to drop in to a blog and find the badge there.

The HTML for adding this badge to your blog or website is:


There are currently three alternative options for a community site, “Daily Office”, etc.. I have not yet spotted the badge on the website of a monastery or religious order that prays the Office. I hope that too will develop.

Daily OfficeThere is a growing movement that the Liturgy of the Hours, the Daily Office, is the prayer of the whole church. It has been more commonly prayed by monastics, clergy, and those in religious vows. Anglicanism, with its strongly Benedictine thread, has always encouraged the praying of the Office by all. Ecumenically there is a growing interest in this praying of the Bible. Vatican II was a great impetus to the movement. And there is also a growing development of monastic oblates and associates who are leading in the encouragement of praying the Liturgy of the Hours.

If you run a blog or website I encourage you to add the badge. Some have expressed concern to me that, although they would love to, they feel they cannot with integrity add the badge as they do not pray every office, or are irregular at it. Welcome :-) One of the values of the Liturgy of the Hours is our consciousness that it is happening all around the world all the time. When we pray it we are joining in with that prayer of Christ. That prayer continues even when we cannot add or are not currently adding our part in it.

If there is any problem with the badge, suggestion, or issue with its size or anything – please contact me. The enthusiasm about this badge may lead to the development of one or two others connected to worship.